All Info About Art & Antiques

Topics


Shop For Books With Amazon



Events Leading From the Gothic Revival Through to Modernism
There were many events and influences that led to the various arts movements that began in the 19th century. These movements include

1836 - Augustus Pugin, leading light of the Gothic Revival Movement, published his essay Contrasts which asserted that only Gothic architecture could only be produced by a Roman Catholic society.

1841 - Pugin publishes his best known work - True Principles of Pointed Architecture, he argued that all features in a building should be there for convenience, that is they should not be purely decorative. He also said that all ornamentation should be to the essential elements of a building.

1843 - John Ruskin book called Modern Painters. Ruskin was a great influence on William Morris and other members of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, precursor to the Arts and Crafts Movement.

1848 - The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood was formed.

1849 - John Ruskin publishes The Seven Lamps of Architecture in which he laid down seven principles or 'lamps' of architecture. These were sacrifice, truth, power, beauty, life, memory, and obedience. In essence, Ruskin wanted architects and artisans to do the best, most honest work possible; the guiding principles of the Arts and Crafts Movement.

1856 - William Morris and Edward Burne-Jones share rooms in London and designed the furniture themselves while other members of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood decorated them.

1861 - Morris establishes the co-operative Morris, Marshall, Faulkner and Co and many experts say this marks the beginning of the Arts & Crafts Movement.

1890s The Aesthetic Movement begins in Britain.
The Art Nouveau Movement begins.

1895 - Samuel Bing opens his gallery in Paris which became the venue for exhibitions by outstanding designers like Lalique and Tiffany.

1896 - Charles Rennie Mackintosh wins a competition to design the Glasgow School of Art.

1900 - Art Nouveau designer Antoni Gaudi finishes Palacio Guell in Barcelona.

1902 - In Italy Carlo Bugatti exhibits his revolutionary designs at the Exhibition of Decorative Arts.

1903 - The Wiener Werkstatte is formed.

1907 - Les Mademoiselles d’Avignon (The Women of Avignon) by Picasso is considered by many experts to be the beginning of Cubism.

1908 - Paul Poiret publishes his fashion illustrations - Les Robes de Paul Poiret.
Sergei Diaghilev forms the Ballet Russe.

1910 - Roger Fry coins the term Post-Impressionism to describe and exhibition of what, in his opinion, were neglected artists and included Gaugin, Cézanne and Van Gogh.

1912 - Nijinsky performs and choreographs his iconic ballet, L'Apres-midi d'un faune.

1918 - Architects and designers form the De Stijl Movement in the Netherlands. Their manifesto outlines their belief that their work should have a universal appeal. They used simplified forms and primary colours. One of the best known works exponents of the movement was Piet Mondrian whose 'Compositions' (see right) exemplies the simplification and the use of colour.

1919 - The Bauhaus in Germany was formed. This group also advocated simplification and functionality in design.

1922 - Howard Carter opened the tomb of Tutanhkhamun, leading to ancient Egyptian influence on many designers.

1923 - Le Corbusier publishes Towards a New Architecture in which his most famous pronoucement appears - "A house is a machine for living."

1925 - The Exposition des Art Decoratifs et Industrieles Moderne takes place in Paris. This showcased designed later called Art Deco after this exhibition.

1926 - The Expressionist film Metropolis directed by Fritz Lang is released.

1927 - Work began on the Modernist Maison de Verre (the House of Glass) in Paris designed by Pierre Chareau.

1935 - The SS Normandie is launched with the its cutting edge Art Deco design by Lalique.

Google


Copyright © 2007 Carol Fisher
Search
All Info About